托福写作测试包含两种题型：学术讨论(Academic Discussion)和综合写作(Integrated Writing)，考试总时长为29分钟，满分为30分。

　　学术讨论部分是更新后新增的题型，它取代了先前的独立写作任务。这一部分模拟了课堂讨论环境，考生将看到教授提出的问题以及两位同学的不同观点，任务是结合这些问题和观点，形成并表达自己的见解。

　　综合写作部分则模拟了大学生撰写论文的场景，考生需要结合课堂上的讲授内容和课后阅读材料来完成一篇课题论文，这一部分考察了考生的听力、阅读、写作以及信息整合能力。

　　许多考生在托福写作部分的分数难以提高，常常在20至23分之间徘徊。今天，让我们一起深入了解托福写作的评分标准，看看你是否已经达到了这些要求。

　　一、学术讨论写作

　　在这项活动中，学生将参与一场网络学术讨论。教授会提出一个问题，学生需在10分钟内输入自己的回复，回复内容不少于100字，以此加入讨论。学术讨论写作任务的结构如下：

　　任务需求：本任务要求你针对教授提出的问题提供见解，并且你的见解应能推动讨论的深入。

　　内容要点：你的见解应当明确、条理清晰，并通过合理的论据或实例来充分展开和支撑。

　　准备与回应策略：

　　深入理解讨论主题：认真阅读讨论材料，然后构思一两个你想要分享的观点。

　　借鉴同学的回复：你可以从其他同学的回复中获取灵感，但必须用自己的话重新表达，避免直接抄袭。

　　评分标准

　　5分：完美回答

　　这份答卷紧密贴合在线讨论的主题，表达清晰流畅，语言运用娴熟。一个典型的高分答卷应包括：

　　① 相关性强、内容详尽的解释、例证和/或细节，有效运用各种句法结构和准确的词汇搭配;

　　② 除了在时间限制下可能出现的轻微错误(如常见的打字错误、拼写错误或类似 there/their 的常见混淆)外，几乎无词汇或语法错误。

　　4分：总体上成功的答卷

　　答卷对在线讨论做出了相关且易于理解的贡献，语言运用恰当。典型的良好答卷特点包括：

　　① 提供了相关且充分解释的见解、例证和/或细节;

　　② 句法结构丰富多样，词汇使用得当;

　　③ 词汇或语法错误较少。

　　3分：部分成功的答复

　　这份答卷对在线讨论做出了基本相关且可理解的贡献，语言运用能力尚可。典型的基本答卷特点包括：

　　① 句法结构和词汇具有一定的多样性;

　　② 在句子结构、词汇选择或惯用语的使用上存在一些明显的词汇和语法错误。

　　下面我们来看看该如何避免被扣分!!

　　(1)明确题目要求，不要跑题

　　Your professor is teaching a class on sociology.Write a post responding to the professor's http://question.In your response,you should do the following

　　●Express and support your opinion.

　　●Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.An effective response will contain at least 100 words.

　　(2)快速阅读2位同学的观点，确认自己的立场和理由

　　Claire：

　　I would live in a rural area if the government gave more financial help to farmers.Although it may cost very little to live in a rural area,it costs a lot to begin a career in agriculture.If I had financial help,I would start my own farm and be happy to live in a rural area.

　　Kelly：

　　In my country,urban centers are great places to live because you can access shops,restaurants,and museums.If the government of my country wanted to attract me to live in a rural area,the area would first have to attract more businesses focused on entertainment and culture than most rural areas have now.

　　特别关注I think之后的部分，这通常是他们表达自己看法的地方。通常情况下，第二位同学会提出第一位同学未提及的新观点，或者对第一位同学的看法提出异议。

　　虽然一开始在阅读和整理信息时可能需要较长时间，但随着练习的增加和熟练度的提升，建议将准备时间缩短至1分钟以内。

　　二、综合写作

　　首先，信息的精准整合：评分员会评估你从讲座中挑选关键信息的能力，并判断你能否将其与阅读材料中的相关内容准确关联。

　　其次，文章的条理清晰：这主要指的是文章的逻辑性和连贯性，确保读者能够顺畅地阅读全文而不感到迷惑。通过合理的分段和恰当的过渡来引导读者理解你的思路;同时，避免内容上的冗余，即用不同的表达方式重复相同的意思。

　　第三，语言的运用：评分员会关注你的句式构造、词汇选择和用词的准确性。同样关键的是，你的语法应用需要准确有力，即使不是完全无误，也有机会获得高分。

　　下面我们一起看看托福写作的范文吧~

　　托福写作官方范文篇(其一)：媒体过度关注名人隐私

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television, newspapers, magazines,　and other media pay too much attention to the personal lives of famous people such as public　figures and celebrities. Use specific reasons and details to explain your opinion.

　　范文：

　　I think the media pay too much attention to the private lives of famous people. Television, newspapers, magazines and web sites dig up all kinds of past bad actions. They say that these are true reflections of a person's character. This may be true if they occurred only a few years before, but some of these are things people did as teenagers. People in their forties are expected to explain something they did when they were fifteen. If they killed someone, obviously that's more than a youthful mistake. Usually, though, these incidents involve experiments with drugs or being reckless in a car. They're not something that the public needs to know.

　　The media love to say that the public has a right to know. That's not true. We don't need to know if a movie star or politician has had an extramarital affair. That is something of concern only to the people involved. We do need to know if someone we're electing to public office has been involved in shady business deals, but we don't need to know if he or she defaulted on a loan twenty years ago.

　　It seems the media dig up these facts without giving thoughtful consideration to what might happen. It has an effect on the celebrity's family, especially the children. A celebrity's good name and credibility may be ruined before he or she can prove that rumors are false. If a case goes to court, paying a lawyer can use up all their money. Even if it doesn't come to that, they may find their career ruined.

　　When are we, the public, going to make it clear to the media that we're tired of having to watch this kind of thing on the news? Wouldn't it be better if they would concentrate on more important issues?